MỘT SỐ DIỄN ĐẠT TIẾNG ANH DÙNG ĐỂ VIẾT LITERATURE REVIEW

(Ms Giang)

Mục đích của phần tổng quan tài liệu của một bài báo hoặc luận văn để cho người đọc thấy một cách có hệ thống những gì đã biết về tổng thể chủ đề nghiên cứu, và phác thảo những ý tưởng và lý thuyết chính giúp chúng ta hiểu được điều này. Cũng như có hệ thống, việc xem xét phải được đánh giá và phê bình các nghiên cứu hoặc ý tưởng có liên quan đến công trình nghiên cứu  hiện tại .

1. Mô tả chung về các tài liệu liên quan

A large and growing body of literature has investigated ….
More recent attention has focused on the provision of ….
Much of the current literature on X pays particular attention to ….
Over the past decade most research in X has emphasized the use of ….
There is a large volume of published studies describing the role of ….
In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of literature on ….
The generalisability of much published research on this issue is problematic.
During the past 30 years, much more information has become available on ….
A considerable amount of literature has been published on X. These studies ….
The first serious discussions and analyses of X emerged during the 1970s with ….
What we know about X is largely based upon empirical studies that investigate how ….

2. Tham khảo chung về nghiên cứu hoặc học giả trước đây: thường có nhiều hơn một tác giả

Traditionally, it has been argued that …. (Smith, 1982; O’Brien, 1984).
Surveys such as that conducted by Smith (1988) have shown that ….
Many historians have argued that …. (e.g. Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1990; Smith, 1994).
There is a consensus among social scientists that ….(e.g. Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1990; ….

Recent evidence suggests that …. (Smith, 1996; Jones 1999; Johnson, 2001)
Recently, in vitro studies have shown that X can …. (Patel et al., 1997; Jones et al., 1998).
Several studies investigating X have been carried out on ….
Several attempts have been made to …. (Smith, 1996; Jones 1999; ….).
Several studies thus far have linked X with Y (Smith, 2002; Jones 2004; ….).
Several studies have revealed that it is not just X that acts on ….. (Smith, 1996; Jones ….
Several biographies of Brown have been published. Smith (2013) presents …..
The geology of X has been addressed in several small-scale investigations and ….
Data from several sources have identified the increased X and Y associated with obesity.
Previous studies have reported …. (Smith, 1985; Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1992).
Previous research has indicated that various X indicators have a positive impact on ….
Previous research findings into X have been inconsistent and contradictory (Smith, 1996; ….)
Numerous studies have attempted to explain …. (for example, Smith , 1996; Kelly, 1998; ….)
A number of authors have reported analyses of trends in X that demonstrated ….
A number of studies have found that …. (Smith , 2003; Jones, 2004).
A number of studies have examined X (e.g. Smith, 2003; Jones, 2005), but to date none has ….
Xs have been identified as major contributing factors for the decline of many species (1).
X has also been shown to reverse the anti-inflammatory effects of Y in murine-induced arthritis.
Twenty cohort study analyses have examined the relationship between ….
At least 152 case-control studies worldwide have examined the relationship between…..
Other studies have considered the relationship ….
The relationship between X and Y has been widely investigated (Smith, 1985; Jones, 1987, ….
The causes of X have been widely investigated (Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1990; Smith, 1994).
Factors thought to be influencing X have been explored in several studies.
It has been suggested that levels of X are independent of the size of the Y (Smith et al., 1995).
It has conclusively been shown that X and Y increase Z (Smith et al., 1999; Jones, 2001 ….).
It has been demonstrated that a high intake of X results in damage to …. (Smith, 1998; ….).

3. Tham khảo trạng thái kiến thức hiện tại

There is an unambiguous relationship between X and Y (Rao, 1998).
X is one of the most intense reactions following CHD (Lane, 2003).
X has been found to oppose the anti-inflammatory actions of Y on Z (Alourfi, 2004).
A relationship exists between an individual’s working memory and their ability to …. (Jones, 2002).
GM varieties of maize are able to cross-pollinate with non-GM varieties (Smith, 1998; Jones, 1999).

4. Tham khảo các cuộc điều tra đơn lẻ trong quá khứ: chủ đề nghiên cứu là trọng tâm chính

To determine the effects of X, Zhao et al (2005) compared ….
X was originally isolated from Y in a soil sample from …. (Wang et al., 1952).
The electronic spectroscopy of X was first studied by Smith and Jones1 in 1970
X formed the central focus of a study by Smith (2002) in which the author found ….
X was first demonstrated experimentally by Pavlov (Smith, 2002). In his seminal study ….

5. Tóm tắt tổng quan tài liệu  hoặc các phần của tổng quan tài liệu 

Together, these studies outline that ….
Overall, these studies highlight the need for ….
Collectively, these studies outline a critical role for…
The evidence presented in this section suggests that ….
The studies presented thus far provide evidence that ….
Overall, there seems to be some evidence to indicate that ….
Together these studies provide important insights into the ….
In view of all that has been mentioned so far, one may suppose that